Internal audit guides

Written for auditors working under African legislation.

The IIA 2024 Standards: what South African audit functions actually need to change
A practical guide to the Global Internal Audit Standards 2024 for South African internal audit functions: what changed, the five domains, and how conformance is now assessed.
MFMA section 165: what a municipal internal audit unit must actually do
What MFMA section 165 requires of a municipal internal audit unit — the risk-based audit plan, reporting to the audit committee, and how it interacts with section 166.
Irregular versus fruitless and wasteful expenditure — the distinction that matters
The practical distinction between irregular expenditure and fruitless and wasteful expenditure under the MFMA and PFMA, why the classification matters, and what must happen once each is identified.
The internal audit charter under the 2024 Standards
What an internal audit charter must address under the Global Internal Audit Standards 2024, how it differs from a charter written for the previous framework, and the board approval it now requires.
Building a risk-based audit plan that satisfies both the Standards and the Act
How to build an internal audit plan that satisfies both the Global Internal Audit Standards 2024 and the statutory requirements of the PFMA and MFMA, with the linkage from risk to engagement documented.